Speech processing is the study of speech signals and the processing methods of these signals.
The signals are usually processed in a digital representation, so speech processing can be regarded as a special case of digital signal processing, applied to speech signal.
It is also closely tied to natural language processing (NLP), as its input can come from / output can go to NLP applications. E.g. text-to-speech synthesis may use a syntactic parser on its input text and speech recognition's output may be used by e.g. information extraction techniques.
Speech processing can be divided into the following categories:
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